Here is a very simplified approach to discussions about feminism and post-feminism. I used books as sources Suzanne Ferriss and Mallory Young, Chick flicks. Contemporary Women at the movies , New York / London: Routledge, 2008, pp. 1-25; and Sarah Projansky, Watching Rape. Film and Television in Postfeminist Culture, New York-London: New York University Press, 2001. We only serve as a preliminary approach. The translations are not well cared for, so do not take them at face value.
-feminism as it emerges in the second wave in the seventies the emphasis on political action, political movements and political solutions. Its basic struggle is for equality of women in society and the resistance and criticism of the dominant patriarchal structures. The choice of women is collective: they must fight for their right to NOT have children and not seek only career mainly related to children. Reject, or at least question-femininity by considering a projection of male desire for women. Develop a suspect activity against popular culture and media and calls for resistance to consumerism that supports and disseminates them.
The post-feminism is a term that refers to a set of highly variable positions and sometimes contradictory, but that can be understood as a limitation of the traditional feminist positions. Defend the personal sphere as constitutive of the political-attitude replaces the agenda of political issues. It rejects the call rage against the dominant patriarchal culture and leave the attitude of suspicion against the media and popular culture. The choice of women is mainly individual, no matter if it falls on the family, career, cosmetic surgery or nail color to use. There is a marked return to femininity and sexuality. Invited to enjoy the uninhibited consumerism. No wonder then that the post-feminists tend to see feminists as people angry, humorless, self-proclaimed victims of patriarchy. While feminists see them as mindless, unconscious victims of media culture and consumerism. The films play an important role framing and reflecting the role of women in culture, especially in times of social change.
assumes that post-feminism feminism as a political movement has been successful, achieving important changes that gave women freedom of choice and equality with men. But it achieved its objectives activism characteristic of the seventies feminist is no longer necessary. Post-feminism is what comes after feminism - which means recognizing the importance of certifying his death but at the same time policy. Thus the concept of post-feminism feminism perpetuates while insisting on its improvement. The key is determining what kind of feminism is perpetuated in this negotiation process or transformation. Here the problems begin: the post-feminism is a discourse capable of holding extremely versatile multi-position (even contradictory). Projansky distinguishes five categories of post-feminist discourses.
(1) The linear post-feminism, which is considered the culmination of a historical trajectory that begins in the pre-feminist and passes through feminism. Thus feminism and post-feminism can not coexist, because the latter has supplanted the previous stage that is already part of history.
(2) The post-feminism backlash, not content to announce the end of feminism, but considers it important to react violently against feminist positions which he considers wrong. These two positions represent feminism as a negative thing to overcome. Something that does not share the remaining versions.
(3) The post-feminism of equality and choice argues that feminism has succeeded in ensuring that women achieved gender equality and freedom of choice, especially in the fields of work and family. Therefore, women can enjoy their achievements and do not need feminism to do so.
(4) The positive post-feminism against sex, defends the feminist struggle for independence of women, but rejected his criticism of heterosexual sex and breeding structure of patriarchal ideology. Women can even choose traditional heterosexual models of relationships without relinquishing his conquests.
(5) Finally, post-feminism that includes people said that gender equality is achieved, nothing prevents some men consider even better feminist feminist- many women.
The post-feminism is a complex discourse, able to adapt to the expectations of audiences dissimilar. This explains why it has spread widely in popular culture in recent years. To absorb and declare feminism dead at the same time. His influence is great because not only defines what is feminism and how women are positioned in relation to work, family and sexuality, but does it denies the relevance of race, sexuality and class to gender considerations (and feminism). The latter becomes evident when one takes into account something that all versions have in common: they all focus on women white, heterosexual and middle class. To analyze the transformation Projansky feminist arguments in limiting post-feminist topics in recent audiovisual narratives is a fundamental task for feminist criticism.
0 comments:
Post a Comment